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Tomato Late Blight
Tomato Diseases
Late Blight
Symptoms
- Water-soaked black lesions on leaves and stems.
- Lesions expand rapidly and the entire leaf becomes necrotic.
- White sporulation (sporangia and sporangiophores) on leaves.
- Dark brown lesions on fruit.
- Soft rot and disintegration of fruits.
Identification
- Causal organism: Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary
- Asexual spores: Indeterminate sporangiophores, Zoospores: Biflagellate with one tinsel flagellum directed anteriorly and one whiplash flagellum directed posteriorly
- Pathogen: Hyaline and coenocytic
- Sexual spores: Thick-walled oospore
- Survival and Mode of Spread
> Survival: Infected Debris> Primary spread: Infected debris> Secondary spread: Wind
- Favourable conditions:
> Cool nights, warm days and extended wet conditions from rain and fog> Sporangia formed when RH is ¡ 90%> Optimum temp for sporulation is 18 – 22oC
Management
- Proper drainage
- Crop rotation
- Soil application of Trichoderma asperellum (viride) @ 1.0 kg/ac
|
Fungicide |
Dosage |
|---|---|
|
200 ml/acre |
|
|
5 ml/lit |
|
|
1-1.5 kg/acre |
|
|
200 ml/acre |
- Water-soaked black lesions on leaves and stems.
- Lesions expand rapidly and the entire leaf becomes necrotic.
- White sporulation (sporangia and sporangiophores) on leaves.
- Dark brown lesions on fruit.
- Soft rot and disintegration of fruits.
- Causal organism: Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary
- Asexual spores: Indeterminate sporangiophores, Zoospores: Biflagellate with one tinsel flagellum directed anteriorly and one whiplash flagellum directed posteriorly
- Pathogen: Hyaline and coenocytic
- Sexual spores: Thick-walled oospore
- Survival and Mode of Spread
> Survival: Infected Debris> Primary spread: Infected debris> Secondary spread: Wind
- Favourable conditions:
> Cool nights, warm days and extended wet conditions from rain and fog> Sporangia formed when RH is ¡ 90%> Optimum temp for sporulation is 18 – 22oC
- Proper drainage
- Crop rotation
- Soil application of Trichoderma asperellum (viride) @ 1.0 kg/ac
|
Fungicide |
Dosage |
|---|---|
|
200 ml/acre |
|
|
5 ml/lit |
|
|
1-1.5 kg/acre |
|
|
200 ml/acre |
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