Tomato Diseases
Damping Off
Symptoms
- Pre-emergence phase : Complete rotting of seedlings.
- Post-emergence phase: Infected tissues become soft and water soaked.
- Seedlings topple over or collapse.
Identification
- Causal organism:Â Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp.
- Mycelium:Â Non septate, hyaline
- Pathogen : Asexual - Zoospores bi-flagellated, thin walled, Resting spores -Â Oospore.
- Survival and Mode of Spread:
> Primary Survival: Soil, Seed, Water
> Secondary Spread: Infected debris
- Favourable Conditions:
> High humidity, high soil moisture, cloudiness and low temperatures below 24°C for few days.
> Crowded seedlings, dampness due to high rainfall, poor drainage and excess of soil solutes
Management
- Cultural
>Â Avoid stagnation of water.
>Â Use raised beds of 15 cm height.
- Biological
> Treat the seeds with Trichoderma asperellum @ 4 g/kg or Bacillus subtilis @ 10g/kg of seeds 24 hours before sowing.
>Â Soil application of Bacillus subtilis @ 2.5 kg/ha with 50 kg of FYM.
|
Fungicide |
Dosage |
|---|---|
|
 Drench with Copper Oxychloride 50% WP |
 2.5 g/lit or 4 lit/sq.m |
|
Treat with  Metalaxyl-M 31.8% ES |
 2 ml/kg of seeds 24 hours before sowing |
